Cisco

A significant vulnerability in Cisco’s Integrated Management Controller (IMC) allows malicious actors to gain elevated privileges and access internal services without proper authorization. This vulnerability, classified as a privilege escalation flaw, exploits weaknesses in the authentication and authorization mechanisms within the management controller’s web interface. Attackers can leverage improper input validation and insufficient access controls to bypass security restrictions and execute commands with administrative privileges. The exploitation can have far-reaching consequences, enabling attackers to access the Baseboard Management Controller (BMC) functionalities, modify BIOS settings, and potentially install persistent firmware-level malware.

Source: https://cybersecuritynews.com/cisco-imc-privilege-escalation-vulnerability/

TPRM report: https://scoringcyber.rankiteo.com/company/cisco

"id": "cis616060625",
"linkid": "cisco",
"type": "Vulnerability",
"date": "6/2025",
"severity": "100",
"impact": "",
"explanation": "Attack threatening the organization’s existence"

{'affected_entities': [{'industry': 'Networking Hardware',
                        'name': 'Cisco',
                        'type': 'Technology Company'}],
 'attack_vector': ['Improper input validation', 'Insufficient access controls'],
 'description': 'A significant vulnerability in Cisco’s Integrated Management '
                'Controller (IMC) that allows malicious actors to gain '
                'elevated privileges and access internal services without '
                'proper authorization.',
 'impact': {'systems_affected': ['Cisco UCS C-Series', 'Cisco UCS S-Series']},
 'motivation': 'Unauthorized access to critical systems and sensitive data',
 'post_incident_analysis': {'corrective_actions': ['Update to the latest '
                                                   'firmware versions',
                                                   'Configure proper network '
                                                   'segmentation',
                                                   'Implement multi-factor '
                                                   'authentication (MFA)',
                                                   'Disable unnecessary '
                                                   'services',
                                                   'Implement strict firewall '
                                                   'rules',
                                                   'Regularly audit user '
                                                   'accounts with '
                                                   'administrative privileges',
                                                   'Monitor for suspicious '
                                                   'activities in SIEM '
                                                   'systems'],
                            'root_causes': ['Improper input validation',
                                            'Insufficient access controls',
                                            'Inadequate session validation',
                                            'JWT manipulation',
                                            'Session hijacking']},
 'recommendations': ['Update to the latest firmware versions',
                     'Configure proper network segmentation',
                     'Implement multi-factor authentication (MFA)',
                     'Disable unnecessary services',
                     'Implement strict firewall rules',
                     'Regularly audit user accounts with administrative '
                     'privileges',
                     'Monitor for suspicious activities in SIEM systems'],
 'response': {'containment_measures': ['Network segmentation',
                                       'Multi-factor authentication (MFA)',
                                       'Disable unnecessary services',
                                       'Implement strict firewall rules',
                                       'Regular auditing of administrative '
                                       'accounts'],
              'enhanced_monitoring': 'Monitor for suspicious activities in '
                                     'SIEM systems',
              'network_segmentation': 'Isolate management interfaces from '
                                      'production networks',
              'remediation_measures': ['Update to the latest firmware '
                                       'versions']},
 'title': 'Cisco IMC Privilege Escalation Flaw',
 'type': 'Privilege Escalation',
 'vulnerability_exploited': 'CVE-2025-20261'}