Apache2

A critical zero-day vulnerability (CVE-2025-33053) in WebDAV implementations allows remote code execution. Advanced persistent threat (APT) groups have actively exploited this vulnerability in targeted campaigns against enterprise networks. The exploit uses malicious URL shortcut files combined with WebDAV server configurations to gain initial access and move laterally within compromised environments. This vulnerability is particularly effective against environments running Apache2 with WebDAV modules enabled, often lacking adequate access controls. Security researchers have observed APT groups distributing these weaponized shortcuts through phishing campaigns disguised as legitimate business documents.

Source: https://cybersecuritynews.com/webdav-0-day-rce-vulnerability-poc/

TPRM report: https://scoringcyber.rankiteo.com/company/apache-corporation

"id": "apa813061325",
"linkid": "apache-corporation",
"type": "Vulnerability",
"date": "6/2025",
"severity": "100",
"impact": "5",
"explanation": "Attack threatening the organization's existence"

{'affected_entities': [{'type': 'Organizations with publicly accessible WebDAV '
                                'services'}],
 'attack_vector': 'Malicious URL shortcut files',
 'description': 'A critical zero-day vulnerability in WebDAV implementations '
                'that enables remote code execution, with proof-of-concept '
                'exploit code now publicly available on GitHub. The '
                'vulnerability, tracked as CVE-2025-33053, has reportedly been '
                'actively exploited by advanced persistent threat (APT) groups '
                'in targeted campaigns against enterprise networks. The '
                'exploit leverages malicious URL shortcut files combined with '
                'WebDAV server configurations to achieve initial access and '
                'lateral movement within compromised environments.',
 'impact': {'systems_affected': ['Apache2 with WebDAV modules enabled']},
 'initial_access_broker': {'entry_point': 'Malicious URL shortcut files'},
 'motivation': 'Targeted campaigns against enterprise networks',
 'post_incident_analysis': {'corrective_actions': ['Disabling unnecessary DAV '
                                                   'and DAV_FS modules',
                                                   'Implementing robust '
                                                   'authentication mechanisms',
                                                   'Restricting WebDAV access '
                                                   'to authenticated users '
                                                   'only',
                                                   'Deploying email security '
                                                   'solutions capable of '
                                                   'detecting and quarantining '
                                                   'malicious URL shortcut '
                                                   'files',
                                                   'Network monitoring for '
                                                   'unusual UNC path '
                                                   'connections and WebDAV '
                                                   'traffic patterns',
                                                   'Reviewing Group Policy '
                                                   'configurations to restrict '
                                                   'automatic network '
                                                   'authentication'],
                            'root_causes': 'Improper handling of URL shortcut '
                                           'files that contain UNC paths '
                                           'pointing to remote WebDAV shares.'},
 'recommendations': ['System administrators should immediately audit their '
                     'Apache2 WebDAV configurations and implement restrictive '
                     'access controls to prevent unauthorized connections.'],
 'references': [{'source': 'Security researcher DevBuiHieu'}],
 'response': {'containment_measures': ['Disabling unnecessary DAV and DAV_FS '
                                       'modules',
                                       'Implementing robust authentication '
                                       'mechanisms',
                                       'Restricting WebDAV access to '
                                       'authenticated users only'],
              'enhanced_monitoring': ['Identifying unusual UNC path '
                                      'connections and WebDAV traffic '
                                      'patterns'],
              'remediation_measures': ['Deploying email security solutions '
                                       'capable of detecting and quarantining '
                                       'malicious URL shortcut files',
                                       'Network monitoring for unusual UNC '
                                       'path connections and WebDAV traffic '
                                       'patterns',
                                       'Reviewing Group Policy configurations '
                                       'to restrict automatic network '
                                       'authentication']},
 'threat_actor': 'Advanced Persistent Threat (APT) groups',
 'title': 'Critical WebDAV 0-Day RCE Vulnerability',
 'type': 'Remote Code Execution',
 'vulnerability_exploited': 'CVE-2025-33053'}